E whai ana i ngā painga o ngā puna Foam Jet

He aha ngā Puna Jet Jet me te hokinga o rātou?

Ko ngā pūpahi ā-puaotanga e mahi ana mā te whakakī atu i te wai ki te hau ki te pēhi kia rite ai ngā whakaahua puaotanga e kitea ana i ngā wāhi tūmatanui. Ko te punaha e totohu ana i te wai mā ngā paraihe motuhake ki te tere tika kia āhua atu ki te hau ake. Ko te aha ka arisai? Hurihia te wai mai i te rere tūturu ki ngā kapua pukupuku puaotanga e rite ana ki te kōpae kirimeri. He mea whakamārama, ko te tikanga katoa e mahi ana he rite ki te mea ka pā ngā ngaru ki ngā raki, ā, ka hanga hākari engari kāore i te piko pērā i te wai e rere ana.

Ngā Wae Pūtake: Ngā Pūmua Wai, Ngā Paraihe, me te Whakarerekenga Rere

E toru ngā wae e whakatairanga ana i te mahi a te pūpahi ā-puaotanga:

• Ngā pūmua wai ki te pēhi nui hoatu ngā tere rere tūturu (aronga 50–200 GPM) kia tino pai ai te hanga puaotanga.
• Ngā paraihe Venturi whakauru hau ki te rere wai, ā, ka hanga i te ahurea ā-hau.
• Ngā paraihe rere e taea te whakarere whakaaeia ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te tika i te nekeneke o te pua, mai i ngā aroaro matotoru ki ngā puwera pakaru. Ko te rangahau mai i te Tūhura Māori Tāraiwa (2024) e whakaatu ana ko ngā kaupapa arutu e pānui ake ana i te 120 GPM ka whakanui ake i te pumau o te pua 40% mō ngā pūpahi tūāpapa.

Te Tūnga o te Kaupapa Arutu ki te Waihanga i ngā Pānga Pua Pai

Ko te kaupapa arutu e pa ana ki te kounga me te teitei o te pua. I te 80–100 GPM, ko ngā punaha e hāngai ana i te pua māmā, he iti te teitei, he pai mō ngā wai takotoria. Mā te whakapau ake ki te 150–180 GPM ka hāngai ana i ngā puwera (tēnei pea ki te 15 feet) e pai ana mō ngā whakaurunga umanga. Ko te tika tika e aukati ana i te kī tonu—a ko te raru nui i ngā punaha e pānui ake ana i te 200 GPM, e mōhiotia ai te poto i te roa o te pua 30%.

Te Whakarāpopotanga ki Ētahi Atu Toi Wai Kinetic me ngā Pūpahi

Kua whakaratohia e ngā tāone pāpaku hiko i te tau 1990, ā, kua whakauruhia ki te tau 2000 kua nui ake ngā whakamahinga hiko, pērā i ngā tāone pāpaku hiko māmā, ngā tāone pāpaku hiko ā-whānui, me ngā tāone pāpaku hiko ā-hau.

Ngā Tikanga Hiko me ngā Tikanga Whakarewa

Te Whakapai ake i te Āhua Rerehua ki te Whakawhitinga Wai Kaha

Kātahi ka ora ngā tōpuni wai ā-pua arataki i ngā taiwhenua e takoto ana, ka whakauru hākina me te kaha, ā, ka hangaia ngā tauwāhi wai hihiri nui ki te punaha rere tūhono. Ko ngā tōpuni wai ā-tūmatanui e hāngai ana i ngā pua puarenga noa i raro i te wā, engari ko ngā tōpuni pua ka huinga ai te hau me te wai hei hanga i ēnei ahunga piko piko e huri haere ana ake. E mōhiotia ana ko te hunga e mōhiotia ana e 47 ōrau ake pea te whai whakaarotia ki ēnei whakangāhau āhuatanga tōrangi ana ki ngā āhuatanga wai tūmate, ā, ēnei raraunga mai i tētahi rangahau i te tau ki muri mō te rere o te wai. Nō reira he mea mārama kei te aroha ngā kaihoahoa taiwhenua ki te whakaputanga i ēnei ki ngā pokapū māra, ki ngā tap kāinga rānei e hui ana ngā tāngata.

Whakaritenga mō te Whakaurunga Rangahau Motuhake

Kei te pai tā ngā pūnaha ki ngā momo whare katoa, he iti noa rānei ngā puranga konipora hou, he rānei ngā pāpaku tokotoru tawhito. I te whakarite i ēnei mea, ka whakarerekē ngā hoahoa i ngā paraihe mai i te 15 ki te 75 nga waewae, ka whakahaere i te rahi o te wai e rere ana i ngā tere e 50 neke atu rānei ki te 200 karaka ia miniti, ka whakarāwekenga anō hoki i te pōrohu o te kirikiri kia ōrite ki te āhua o te whare. E ai ki te pūrongo a te rōpū kaihoahoa whenua i te tau ki muri, kua whiwhi ngā kāinga ki ngā whakaaturanga wai ritenga i ngā whitinga e toru tekau mā rua pea ake i ngā rawa noa. Kei te timata ngā tāone ki te kitea te āhua hoki. Kei te aroha ngā kaiwhanautu i ngā rohe tāone ki te tāpiri i ēnei tohatoha kirikiri hoki, nā te mea ka hangaia he āhua ataahua engari kei te mahi tonu i ngā kaupapa mahi i ō rātou kominiti.

Te Whakaurunga i te Baja Shelf, Sun Ledge rānei me ngā Jet Kirikiri

Ko te hangarau mātāpiko pua e mahi whakapua ana i ērā wāhi pōroiroi o ngā waihanga wai. Whakauruhia ki ngā kāpeka baja e 6 ki te 12 ōrae te pōroiroi, ka taea ngā tamariki te takirua haumaru ki te wai pukumoana, ā, āwhina tonu ai ngā kaitiaki kia kitea ngā mea e huri haere ana i raro i te mata wai. Kua kite ētahi tohunga hoahoa waihanga wai i tētahi mea hou – he nui te hikenga ake o te hiahia ki ngā kāpeka rāwera i te takotoranga kotahi me ēnei āhuatanga pua i ngā tau kua pāhua nei. E hiahia ana ngā kainoho ki taua aronga taunaha pērā i ngā waipiro, engari kāore he whiu mō ngā aitua i ngā wai pōroiroi kē atu i reira e taea ai ngā tamariki iti te urupare.

Te Marautanga Tauine Mō Ngā Taiao Whare Noho Me Ngā Taiao Pakanga

Ko ngā pihere ā-puahe ka tūhono pērā anō ki ngā whakaurunga iti i te tāone pērā i te 8 ki te 10 ōpaki, me ngā whenua huihuinga nui. Kei te aroha ngā kamupene ki ērā punaha tātai-tākarotia e māmari ana tahi ai me ngā rama i ngā kaupapa ā-pō. Engari ko ngā kainoho e mōhiotia ana mō ngā mea maamaa ake—heoi anō tētahi nohoi me ērā karu tītī korekau e toro ai ki raro i te 45 decibels. He tika anō tēnā. Ko te mea ka taea e ēnei mea te hāngai tere, koirā pea te take i piki ai ngā whakaurunga umanga 18 miriona tau kua pahure nei e ai ki te Pūrongo Matua o ngā Tūāpuna Wai o te Ao 2023.

Te Wheako Akohekohe: Te Reo Māmāri o ngā Tūāpuna Pihere Ā-Puahe

Ngā Huinga Reo o ngā Tūāpuna Pihere Ā-Puahe ki ngā Rerewhaka Wai Tuku Iho

Kō te reo o ngā pūpahi tīwai parakirihana he rerekē tērā i te mea e rongo ana mātou i ngā wāhi iti ake. Ko ngā waiarapa e hua ana i te riri kaha, arā ko te rerehua e hono ana ngā tāngata ki te taiao, heoi anō ka taea te 65 ki te 75 decibels ina tu ana koe i tētahi wāhi e tāwhai ana. Engari ko ngā pūpahi parakiri he rerekē te mahi. Ko te wai me te rangi e huinga ana i tētahi ara whakahaere e hua ai he reo māmā, he rerekē rānei, pērā i te puoro ā-tāpoi engari kāore i te rerehua nui. Ko te putanga? He rerehua māmā kei waenganui i te 40 ki te 50 decibels, pērā i te rerehua o tētahi ua māmā. Ēnei āhuatanga e pai ana ngā pūnaha pūpahi parakiri mō ngā wāhi e nui ana te hiahia ki te waihanga i tētahi taiao ata māmā.

• Taurunga Whawhai : Ko ngā pūpahi parakiri e toa ana ki ngā aha haumaru (500–2000 Hz), i te mea ko ngā waiarapa e huri ana ki ngā aha iti ake (<250 Hz).
• Ngā tauwāhi wātea : Ko ngā waiarapa e hua ana i te rerehua whānui tūtata, i te mea ko ngā pūpahi parakiri e tuku ana i ngā tikanga pakiwaitara e huinga ana ki ngā reo ā-tāpoi.

Ngā Taumaha Rerehua me ngā Reo Ā-Tāpoi

Ko ngā pūpahi ā-jet e hua ana i ngā rama iti ake, nō reira e āhua ana ki ngā tūwāhi katoa. Kei ngā taupunga o te tāone, ko ēnei pūpahi e muru ana i ngā rama karawheta pea 20 ki te 30 ōrau, i te wā e taea ai ngā tāngata te kōrero arataki tonu. Mō ngā kāinga, kei roto tonu te rama ki te tau e whakaatu ana a NASA hei pai mō te heke i te herekenga, koia he 45 ki te 55 decibel. Ko te aronga ki te tika o tēnei mea he mea angamahi mā ngā inijiniara ki ngā mea pērā i te rahi o te paraihe, tētahi wāhi pai rawa ko te 8 ki te 15 mirimita, tae atu hoki ki ngā tere o te awa wai me whai hua pea i te 15 ki te 25 karaka ia miniti ia jet. Ka pa ēnei whakaritenga, kāore anō i te paku o te pakiwaitara engari hoki te rama katoa.

Whakapakari i te Rangimārie me te Heke i te Herekenga Mā ngā Rama Wai

Ko ngā akoranga e hono ana i ngā āhuatanga puoro o ngā tīwae pua wai ki ngā hua pai mō te hauora, tae atu ki te 14% itinga i ngā rahi o te cortisol (Te Whare Wānanga o ngā Akoranga, 2023) me te 22% tere ake te hoki mai i te kōhurutia mōrearea i ngā taiao māmā. Ko te takotoranga o ngā momotuha iti (<1 Hz) me ngā momotuha waenga ka whakautu ai te punaha neru parasympathetic, e hāngai ana ki ngā hua whakapai ake o ngā tinana wai taketake.

Te hoahoa mō tētahi Wheako Akoata Tino Pai

Kia rahi ake ngā hua whakaora:

1. Whakarātā ngā tīwae ki roto i te 3–4.5 mita (10–15 ōrau) o ngā wāhi noho hei whai wāhi i te mataara tino maru o te taringa tangata (te haerenga 2–5 kHz).
2. Whakamahia ngā kōpae kōawa takirua, kōpae rūrangi ranei hei pupuri i ngā takirua tikangia.
3. Honoa ngā pampu tere-ngaohiko (30–70% te whakaurunga kapahau) ki ngā punaha whakahaere kia taea ai te whakarahi i ngā tauira oro mō te whakamahi i te rā/pō.

Ka huri tēnei ara e tuhuratia ana e te pūtaiao i ngā tīwae pua wai hoki ki ngā taputapu tino pono mō te noho akoata, ka amiotia hoki te inihini hīroa me ngā matapae o te hinengaro taiao.

Ngā Whakamahinga o ngā Puna Hau Parurenga kei ngā Wāhi Whakawhanui me ngā Wāhi Tūmatanui

Whakamahinga Kāinga: Te Āhua o te Kātī me te Whānau e Pā ana

Ka hurihia e ngā puna hau parurenga ngā kātī ki ngā wāhi pārekereke ka taea ai e ngā whānau e noho tahi ana kia kaua e rere wai. Kei te aroha te iwi ki te āhua e taea ai te whakauru i te rere o te wai mai i te paku 5 ki te 25 nekeneke ia meneti, anō hoki te tōpūtanga i ngā tātaitanga kia rerekē ngā āhua. Ko ētahi e whiriwhiri i ngā rere wai māmā noho hei noho tahi me te kawhe, ko ētahi ka whakakaha ake i te rere mō ngā tamariki e hikoi ana. E ai ki ngā rangahau hou nei mō ngā āhua wai ki ngā kātī, kua kitea e te waru o ngā whare ki te tekau mā whā tekau mā whā o ngā whare ki ēnei puna hau parurenga kua noho tahi ngā whānau ki waho i te kātī i te mea kāore e rere wai ana. Ko te iti noa te rere wai ka tūhono ki te whānau hui tino pai anō hoki.

Ngā Whakaputanga Huihuinga me ngā Whakaputanga Taone: Ngā Plazas me ngā Whakaputanga Hui

Kua tu aha ngā punaha tūturu āhuarangi hei ātaahua ki ngā taiao o te tāone, ka puta ia anō i ngā pokapū huarahi, ngā whenua whare rorohiko o ngā kamupene, me ngā tohu takirua. He aha te mea e māia ai i tā rātou māia? Ko te āhuatanga tapa puawaitanga o ēnei punaha aronga kia taea te whakarahi, kia taea pea te whakarāwekenga. Kua kitea mātou i ētahi atamira iti e noho ana ko ngā tūturu 10 anake e mahi pai ana ki ngā taiapa kawhe, i te wā e huri ana ngā pūnaha nui ake i te 100 tūturu i ngā atamira pepa ki ētahi mea motuhake. E ai ki te rangahau i tukuna ki te ao i te tau ki muri e te Rōpū Hoahoa Tāone, ko ngā wāhi e whai whakangāhau wai herehere ana pērā i ngā tūturu āhuarangi e mau tonu ana i te 41 ōrau te roa ake i ngā wāhi e whai pūpahi tinana, pērā i ngā pūpahi noa, i ngā tohu rānei.

Te hononga ki ngā whakapainga mārama me ngā whakapainga anuanu

Kei te pai tā ngā paku puia i te wā kaua nei e mahi ana i te taha o aua rama LED RGBW me ngā punaha reo, e hāngai ana i ngā whakangāhau e hāngai ana ki te kaupapa, ki te tohu rānei e manaaki ana i a rātou. Hei tauira ngā hui puoro, kei hea pea ka tūpono ngā āhua puia ki te takutai o te waiata, nō reira āhua whare taonga rānei e mārama ai te āhua o te whare i ngā ara hirahira? Ko te take, ko ēnei tohatoha he nui te āhua. Nō reira i te nuinga o te hunga e hīkoi ana mō ngā whakaritenga Karikihi, ina tuwheratia he hua hou, i te mea hoki mō ēnei kaupapa toi anuanuhi e hiahiatia ana tētahi mea e kitea ana.

Te Waihanga Taiao Herehere i te Umanga Whakaruruhau me te Hoko

Kei te whakaputangia e ngā hōtē me ngā pokapū hoko aniania ngā pihau wai maoa kia āhua noa ai ngā wheako e tino whai whakaaro ana ngā tāngata. Ko ngā rāwekenga rokiroki te wāhi e tū ana ēnei āhuatanga tata ki ā rātou pōpara pōpara, nā te mea he pai rawa te takotoranga o te maoa paraihe ki te kiko, ā, ka āwhina i te āhuatanga taipari e hiahia ana ngā tāngata ina haere rātou ki te hararei. Mō ngā toa, ko te reo o te wai e rere mai ana i ēnei pihau ngaro e mahi ana i te wāhi katoa hei wāhi ata māmā ake. E ai ki ētahi rangahau, e 12 decibels pea te itinga i ngā reo pāpaku e ai ki te Pukapuka Whakaritenga Rautaki mai i te tau ki muri. Te putanga? Ko ngā kiritaki e noho ana tonu ake ana i ēnei wāhi māmā, nō reira pea i kitea ai mā te tau e piki haere ana ngā kamupene e aru ana i tēnei aronga.

Nga Tohutohu Whakauru me Te Tiaki mō Te Mahi I Te Wā Roa

Te Aratohu Tēnei Tiamu mō Te Whakauru i Ngā Pihau Maoa

Kua tuatahi, whakatakotoria te ara e rere ai ngā tapa wai, ā, mātai katoa ngā hononga hiko i mua i te whakauru. Me tino pai te pēhanga ki te punaha, ko te iti rawa pea he 15 ki te 20 psi, ā, mātai mēnā ka taea e te rama hiko te tautoko i ngā herekore e hiahiatia ana. Ina tūhono ana koe i ngā tai korure, whakawhiti i te āngae o 15 ki te 25 nekenga mai i te taumaha. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te paparanga tika o te korure, kāore hoki i te nui te matakitaki wai ki te takiwā. Ko ngā paraka mirimiri tēnā hei whakaputanga i ngā mea katoa, nā reira kāore e pāpaku ana i te wā roa. Kaua wareware ki te mātai i te rahi o te wai e rere ana i ngā wātapu, engari kia ōrite tonu ki ngā tohutohu a te kaihanga. Mēnā kei tētahi takotoranga rā e whakauru ana, whakaputangia ngā tai e ono ki te waru ūpene ki raro i te mata wai. Ko te tūranga nei he ataahua ki te karu, ā, anō hoki ka tuku i ngā tau e rere ai te wai ki raro.

Whakahaerenga Tūmatanui mō te Whakamahinga Pai

I tētahi rangahau a te 2023 mō te ahumahi ārai wai, i kitea ko ngā punaha ki te pēhikara iti ake i te <25 PSI i teitei ake te utu whakatikatika 42% taurima atu i ngā kītohi kua whakatikatia tika. Whakapaihia ngā O-ring me te karutia e whakaaetia e NSF ia tau, ka whakamahia he korowai e pakari ana ki te ao mārama mō ngā whakaurunga taiepa kia aukatia ai te porohanga.

Te whakatika i ngā raru matua e pā ana ki ngā hiui huka

Ina tino māmā, ina heke te kounga o te parapara, ko te tikanga e rua ngā mea ka taea: ko ngā rīhi e pakaru ana (he pai pea te tirotiro i ēnei ia rua wiki), i te wā e hapa ana te tapeke o te hau e hono ana ki te wai (ka taea te whakatika tēnei e te whakarerekenga i ēnei pātene arataki). Mēnā he iti noa, he māmaa rānei te pouri i ngā wāhi katoa, he nui ngā whāinga kaore ngā taputapu e rite ana, i te wā e wareware ana ngā karu o te pump. Me tino tika te huinga o ngā mea katoa, kia noho tahi ngā wāhanga ki te wāhi e waru haurua o te inihi atu i tētahi ki tētahi. Mēnā ka hoki anō ngā raru ake nei ahakoa ngā whakatika, kaua e wehi ki te rapu i ngā tuhinga a te kaihanga e pa ana ki te whakaro whakaro. Ka āwhina ēnei aratohu i te kite i ngā raru pērā i ngā tohu hiko e noho pakaru ana, i ngā heke hiko i te ara tuku wai e kore pea e kitea i ngā tirotiro noa.

FAQ

He aha ngā wāhanga matua o ngā pūngāwera parapara?

Ko ngā kounga matua ko ngā pihini wai toto-teitei, ngā tūwae Venturi, me ngā paraihe rere e taea te adjust.

He aha te rerekētanga o ngā puna karuwha ki ngā puna wai hirangi?

Waihangatia ana e ngā puna karuwha ngā momoda āhuatanga takotoranga āhuarangi me ngā reo iharo ake, me te itinga atamira atamira i ngā waipuna hirangi, i ngā bubblers pūmau rānei.

Kei hea ka taea te whakamahi i ngā puna karuwha?

He tōkirikiri mō ngā tākutai kāinga, ngā plazas kainoho, ngā whakaaturanga kaupapa, ngā hōtē, me ngā pokapoka hokohoko, e tuku ana i te whaihua kākāhautanga me te maruaroa hoahoa.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i tētahi puna karuwha?

He mea nui te tiro arotake i ngā tūwae, ngā tiro i te toto pihini, me te whakakapi i ngā pāpā. Whakamahia te mātukutuku e whakaae ana te NSF mō ngā O-rings, me ngā tupe UV-stabilized mō te roa.