Te whakawhitinga i ngā Wāhi Hurihuri ki ngā Puna Rere Rereke

Te Pēhea e Whakanuia ai te Arataki Rere i te Hoahoa Tohu Wai

Te mātauranga i te arataki rere me te huarahi e hangaia ai ngā pūtau wai māmari, e araki ana

Ina rere marie te wai ki ngā papa kaupeka kāore he nuinga tahumaero, ka hua mai te aronga rere, aronga marie rānei. Āta ata kia rite ki te kārikohe te āhua o ēnei awa, ka mau tonu tā rātou āhua ina rere ana i te wāhi. Ko ngā pūpahi wai tikanga e pakaru ana ki ngā taha katoa, engari he rerekē ngā pūnaha aronga marie. Mā ngā paraihe whakaritenga motuhake ka rere tonu te wai, kāore i te pekapeka. He mea pai rawa tēnei māmā: kei te pakaru te māmā o te pōkai wai, kei te pakaru anō pea te māmā o te whenua. E pai ana ngā kaihoahoa māra ki tēnei kaupapa hei waihanga māmā mō ngā waihanga wai māmā ki ngā wāhi tūmatanui, ngā wāhi tūmau, tae atu ki ētahi whare hou kāore nei i te mutu te waiwai, ka waihanga ia wai i te takotoranga o te whare.

Aronga marie vs. aronga tahumaero: He aha ai ka pai ake te aronga marie mō ngā waihanga wai matatau

Ina neke te wai i te ara turuturu, ka whakaputua katoa, ka tīmata ka pakaru pakanga ki te katoa, kāore he tauira tūmatanui. Heoi anō, ka whakamahia te rere o Laminar i ētahi atu huarahi. Ki tēnei momo rere, ka taea e ngā kaihoahoa o ngā pūāhua te arahi i te wai ki ngā wāhi e hiahiatia ana, i te wā he tōwārite tonu pea i te ruatekau mā whā mā te mitamano. E ērā hoki o ngā whakauru hou ka taea te tuku i ngā awa ki te 15 ōrau pūrua i te taha, kāore he whakaputoranga, ā, kāore i te taea e ngā pūāhua noa. Ā, kei te taha atu anō hoki tēnei, ka paku ake te wai e 30% i ngā tauira tawhito ngā pūnaha nei, ina tirohia ngā whiu e ngā kaipātai i te rere o ngā wai i ngā tikanga rerehua.

Ngā mātāpuna pūkenga mō te rere o Laminar i ngā pūnaha pūāhua

E toru ngā āhuatanga e whakarite ai i te mahi ake o ngā pūāhua Laminar:

• Te whakahaere i te pēhi: Te pēhi tika (heoi anō te 25–40 PSI) hei whakapumau i te rere muramura kāore he pōro.
• Te āhua o te nōhi: Ko ngā nuinga o te nōhi ka tere ake ai te wai, ka iti noa te turuturu.
• Te whakapai wai: Kia whakatōpūtia te rere o ngā parahi ki te kore e āhua ai te rere, ka whakamahia ngā kīmau iti ake i te 50-micron.

Ka taea e ngā mātai hinonga te hanga i ngā pūnaha pakari e mau ana te mauroa o te wehenga me te tuku i te whakapau roa, ina āhua haere ngā huringa āhuarangi.

Ngā Pakanga Hoahoa me te Tūhuratanga Ātaahua o ngā Puna Rere

Te waihanga i te tohu ā-ātaahua ki ngā araki wai koreutu ki ngā taiao waho

Ko ngā pūpahi arataki-iti e huri ana i ngā tōkanga taone me ngā kauhanga tūmatanui ki ngā mahi toi noho, me te wai e rere ana i ērā awhe whakamīmī, koreutia i ā mātou hiahia kite. Ka taea e ngā araki wai te pupuri i tō rātou āhua ake tae noa ki te tekau mita te teitei mai i te whenua, nā reira ka taea e ngā kaihoahoa whenua te hanga i ērā pārua wai whakawhitinga tākarotia e te tangata, ā, ka taea anō hoki te haere mā runga i te maroke tonu. He mea pai rawa tēnei. E ai ki ngā tauwhāinga mai i te Rōpū Hoahoa Taone, kei te tīmata mai i te tau 2022 pea, kua uru atu te 42 ōrau o ngā tāone ki te whakamahi i tēnei hangarau ki ō rātou kaupapa whakaora. A, ko te pono, kei te hiahia katoa ki ngā wāhi haumaru anō? Ko te mea he iti noa ngā wāhi pāwera wai, nō reira ko ēnei pūpahi he mea tino pai mō ngā wāhi herekau engari me te ataahua hoki.

Te whakarerekenga āhua, teitei, me te ara mō te whakapuaki hoahoa motuhake

Ki te whakarerekē i ngā paraihe, ka taea te hanga i ngā araki wai ki ngā āhua ġeometara rerehua, i ngā rārangi rerehua hoki e pīroiroi ana ngā tāngata. Ko ngā tautuhinga āngle mai i te 15 kia tae atu ki te 90 neehana, i te wā e whakarereke aunoa te rere o te wai i waenganui i te 3 ki te 15 karaka ia miniti kia pai ai te āhua o ngā rere wai ahakoa te tautuhinga. Ko te mea e whakatuwhera ai ēnei taputapu ko te āhua whanui. I te rangi, he tautai kotahi pea e hāngai ana i te pou wai e 6 mita te teitei mō ngā hakari, mō ngā whakaaturanga tūmatanui hoki. Engari ināianei ka pō, ka taea e te taputapu kotahi te huri hei mea houhiri – whakaarohia te araki e 12 mita te whānui e mārama ai te rangi. Ēnei huringa e hāngai ana ki ngā āhua ataahua e kōrero ana i ētahi kōrero motuhake i ia wā o te rā.

Te whakapai ake i ngā putanga ki te whakamāramatanga LED, ngā porotoko, me te whakangāhau e noho ana ki te whakangawari

Kua hangaia ngā taputapu LED RGBW ki roto anō i te pūnaha, ka whakaputa ai i te āhua mā ngā ara wai tirohia e te karu, e hiahiatia ana e te 16 miriona momo tae. Hei āhua ataahua pea ngā āhua rerehua, ngā aho kiriata, i ngā āhua o te parahi rere rānei e tino whakapaua ana te aro. I te wā anō i te hoahoa, i tāpirihia e ngā hoahoa ngā herehere motuhake ki ngā wāhi matua hei whakarere i ētahi wāhi iti o te pouri, kia kitea ai ko ngā wairopi kei te noho pakaru ana i te rangi. I tētahi pūrongo hou mai i Public Space Analytics i te tau 2023 i kitea hoki he mea interesting nā, ko ngā whakaaturanga takirua pāpāngia e ngā mārama e takirua ana i te karu, ka noho tonu ake ngā manuhiri i te 73% roa ake i ngā punawai tuimotu tawhito.

Te hononga i ngā punawai laminar ki te aratika, ki te ahupuku, me ngā whakaaturanga maha-iwi

Ko ngā hoahoa e hāngai haere ana i ngā tauwā o wai rere maroke ki ngā mata o ngā whare tūpāpaku mā te whakamahi i te whakaahua piritia, e āki ai ngā ihirangi matihiko kia uru atu māmā ki ngā awa wai takotoranga. Ko ngā punaha takitahi e uru atu māmā ana ki ngā toka here, ngā tapa, i ngā pōpara whakaata—kua whakamahia e 78% o ngā whanaketanga hākinakina hou nei tēnei tikanga kia kotahi te hoahoa o te wāhi (Te Pūrongo Hoahoa Hākinakina 2023).

Ngā Whanonga Mahi o ngā Puna Rere Maroke kei ngā Wāhi Tūmatanui me ngā Wāhi Tūmatanui

Ngā Tāpoi me ngā Wāhi Whakarere: Te Kotahi o te Māmā, Haumaru, me te Itiwhana Tikanga Tiaki

Kei te whakamahi ngā kāwanatanga-ā-rohe i ngā puna rere maroke hei whakanui ake i ngā tāpoi mā ngā whakaahua wai whakahirahira engari mahi tonu. Ko te mahi kore-pikotia ka whakapai ake i te haumaru ki tātahi ngā wāhi tākarotia me ngā ara, i te wa e iti ake ana te utu tiaki tae atu ki te 40% mō ngā āhua whāiti noa iho. Heoi anō ko ēnei whakaurunga he tohu hapori e whakakī ake ana i te urupare engari kaua e tino kino ki te wātea.

Ngā Tāone Whare: Te Tāpiritanga i te Rangatira me te Rongo ai mā ngā Pūmahara Iti

Ka whakamahia e ngā kaitiaki whenua ngā pūnaha laminar iti ake hei waihanga i ngā wāhi rongonui ki ngā wāhi iti. Ka taea ngā taputapu whanui te hāngai i ngā araki tāwhai poto ki te 18 inihi, he pai rawa mō te whakapaipai i ngā tuhinga toi mātai rānei te huna i ngā taputapu pōti. Ko ngā pūnaha kore-puta e iti ai te ngaro o te wai, ā, ka pupuri i te ma maia i ngā marama katoa i waenganui i ngā horoi, ā, ka tautoko i te whakahaere pūmau, iti te mahi.

Ngā Tōpu Whare Hokohoko me ngā Whanaketanga Taone: Te Whakapakari i te Momo Toa me te Tono Kaihaerenga

Kei te whakaputangia e ngā kaiwhakarite tāone me ngā kaihanga ngā pūpahi rerehua ki ngā wāhi manuhiri nā te mea ka tino mahi ana ki te taraiwa i ngā tāngata, me te whakarāwekenga i ngā wāhi i waenganui i te hunga. E ai ki tētahi rangahau i ngā aronga matua o te hanganga tāone i te tau ki muri, ko ngā kamupene e whai āhua wai ana ka kitea e te 35% atu ake te nuinga o ngā huarahi tūpuna i te tātai ki ngā wāhi e kore ana he āhua wai. Ka pai ngā pūpahi rere hōhonu hei wāhi mo ngā kaupapa katoa i te rā, ā, ina pō, ka taea te whirihora i ngā rama kia hangaia ngā āhua ataahua e pupuri ake ana i ngā tāngata roa ake. Ka noho hāpai tonu ngā hokohoko i te pō, ā, ka noho roa ake ngā tāngata ki ēnei wāhi ramaroa.

Ngā Mātērau, Te Hanga, Me Te Mahi Roa-o-te-Rā O Ngā Pūnaha Pūpahi Rerehua

Ngā Mātērau Pakari, Kāore E Tīmata Ki Te Paruru E Whakarārangitia Ana Te Roa Me Te Maruaroa

Ko te āhua o ngā tāpoi ki te whakauru ki te whakamahinga roa ka tūhono ki te āhua o te aha me ngā whakarewa o te wā, me ngā taupua o ngā minera. Ka whakahuatia te toka toa kauta o te moana, arā te momo 316L, e āki ai te āhua ki te whakauru ki te parurenga o te hau kauta ki ngā tāone ki te tata o te moana. I te wā anō, ina huihui ai ki te whakapai ake i ngā āhua, ko te polycarbonate e whakapumautia ana e te UV ko te nuinga o te wā e whiriwhiria ana mō ngā taputapu māmā i waho me ētahi atu whakamahinga. Ko ngā mata e kore e whakauru wai he whakapai hoki. Kāore i te tūmomo te rānehu rānehu, me ngā mata o te pōro konukonu i te tika. E ētahi hua rapu hou ana i whakaatu mai ana ko ngā kōpae precast i whakaritea ki te hangarau wai-tūturu i roto i te tau 2023 kua pakaru kē pea i te 40% te iti ake i ngā kōpae konukonu noa. He mārama hoki te nuinga o ngā kaihoko e huri ana ki ēnei mātāpuna kē.

Whakaaro Whakarāpopotanga mō te Whakahaere Tūturu, Iti Te Mahi Tiaki

Ko te whakapaukarea e te whakarāranga tika o ngā tapa, ngā pīni koremate, me ngā pampu noho maroke. Me nui ake i te 6 inia te taketake o te tatauranga kia kore ai te āhua karuwhā, waihoki ko ngā pūnaha rerewa rua (arai waipuke me te whakamātau UV) ka heke i te 72% te pampu ka pakaru i ngā whakamahinga takiwā. Ko ngā awa tāpae ki te pikinga iti ka whakahaere i te wai ua pai, ka heke hoki te tūponotanga o te pouri.

Ko ngā Kōwhiringa DIY me ngā Rākau Whakauru mō ngā Kaupapa Iti o ngā Tapa Laminar

Ko ngā kaihangai hākinakina e hanga ana i ā rātou ake tūru tapa kotahi mō ngā whakaaturanga aronui, ki ngā paraihe 3D kautea e teke ana mai i te haurua mirimita ki te 1.5mm, ētahi anuanu pērere PVC, me ērā iti noho wipiria e kitea ana matou i ngā pātakaikaika. Kei te wātea hoki ngā takotoranga i ēnei rā e mago ana me ngā wāhi ākaureki kua tapahia e te raiona e āwhina ai i te waihanga i ērā araki pai, he wa ka tata ki te toru ūpoko. E mahi tika ana ēnei putanga DIY ki roto rānei, mō ngā kaupapa poto rānei, engari kāore i tino mau pea ki te tauine pērā i ngā punaha umanga i hangaia kia tino pakari ki ngā tikanga taiao mō te wā roa, kia tino iringa marama kaupeka kia kaua e hiahia ki te whakakapi.

FAQ

He aha te aronui me pēnā i whakamahia ai ki ngā āhuatanga wai?

Ka tīmata te aronui ka rere te wai ki ngā takotoranga wāhi e rua, me te iti rawa o ngā tahumaero, ka hangaia ngā pātene rere wai pai. Ka whakamahia ki ngā āhuatanga wai kia hangaia ngā āhua ataahua, pērā i ngā araki tōtika ki ngā pūwai wai, kāore he pānga ki ngā pātene kirihou e hono ana ki ngā punaha rere wai tahumaero.

He aha ngā vantex o ngā pūpahi rerehuaupapa i ngā pūpōro wai hoki?

Ko ngā pūpahi rerehuaupapa e tuku ana i te tikanga matatau ake i te horoi i ngā awa wai, kaitekau mā toru tekau ō rātou wai, me ngā utu tiaki iti ake nā te pēhi me ngā punaha whakapuru e whai hua ana. Ka pai ake hoki te āhua nā te itinga o te tuarangi, nō reira he mea tino pai mō ngā wāhi tāone me ngā kāinga.

Me pēhea e pai ake ai ngā pūpahi rerehuaupapa i ngā wāhi tūmatanui me ngā wāhi takotoranga?

Ko ngā pūpahi rerehuaupapa e hanga ana i ngā tohu wai e mārama ana, haumaru, me iti noa ngā mahi tiaki e taea ana e korerotia ana hei tohu i ngā wāhi tūmatanui, whakanuia ana ngā kāreti kāinga, me whakapakari ana i ngā taupoki hokohoko mā te tango i te nuinga ake o te haerenga o te tangata me te whakapai ake i te ahua toa.

He aha ngā matērahi e tino pai ana mō te hanga i ngā pūpahi rerehuaupapa kore mate?

Ko te hiriwa moana, te polikapunitaite kua pakaru i te ao, te rinoiti kua karapoti, me ngā mata kōnui kua oti te whakapaipai he matērahi tino pai hei whakarite kia roa te ora, kia taea te tautohe ki ngā āhuatanga rangi, me te pupuri i te māramatanga o ngā pūpahi rerehuaupapa.